Transaction Details
| TX Hash | f71889c9e522c505f6f3e30e3bd9ea48d72003c839eadbb4ad69c3f7f130204d |
| Block | 106,875 |
| Timestamp | Thu, 30 Apr 2026 02:51:45 GMT (4d ago) |
| Confirmations | 6,727 |
| Fee | 0.0246826 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 2 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 140e418535f82155a64d62d5c8e19114ea06a0e1e90d2b750276c0b52fee2d46 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 6c8818b68cbfac73985c4a17d44c87edb46233a6c12cb50c8e6c78ac0ae888e6 |
| View Tag | e1 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 51de92a745c7dc5399aeea7e6129a89b499ae64798d4bc627cdbe5a82f85d3ca |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 3f005e650b306a1af41dd0ce5786f8ada064f64ccdbbf5971703993f151584e7 |
| View Tag | ab |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 2 |
| Proof Size | 6,080 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 5ccede2f43394a3765308d483f37e05cd92ca8651cfb44a14b678e05065c3b87 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 962a5733093e735fea5b8887f49fe779a0dd9330f919160bdfaa28c5f7e5539c |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | d072a2c5e62445f29d8de7abac8b2d0a8f200986886f1f627e109bc9b4a4794f |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | d78189dbd4572bd6da250c5f2ad1c96bd79163539d1480966a02d34b1957ee7e |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Input 1 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 53d3ee3da914ed2ed6c78f7150bb64f6ebc9bb77d28539a80d40a80f5fc9cba5 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | dbdd184b840e69071476ae16a3bce75a024943ebc650da5eb85c048709e4089c |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | f905df93f2fa6a174bc1f322b7c4ad306f9493eae7dda8a30a5f73acfd5def75 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)