Transaction Details
| TX Hash | f18a127417d273fed0757a6b0716610242564b84f344247cafac2abd8781fc0e |
| Block | 113,612 |
| Timestamp | Mon, 04 May 2026 19:29:50 GMT (7h ago) |
| Confirmations | 415 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | e15ea4b111eea27cedf76681a20e9276a4af5f24405f98a326dec3bfef677a5d |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 1dca09d779f2cb5578f9e99627316e84ece22a3329fbf1ea3c29009389421afb |
| View Tag | 0b |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | ff9fc30592c662620a37f06bd8922e14a8f8c66664b68f38df30536f656985cf |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 27ea6c44cf77c86690345d931d4dbd97ea7e15f67717b31c5e0551918f4552b1 |
| View Tag | 66 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 9b71bdbe659638d9d4aa92532ede5d6977823852048d8400e66a8c379e0cde03 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 56c6f38b9b16c1922c9457195efd3d790cd8e12296c1a3388fce975f9d161796 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | c208c1efe1a27381c538ab32e105632589881a3ba8db7bf5c93369f3267e86d1 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | db931d8bd1820fb9aa322a1b0c9b3714535d748c1f833980bc1b9814ba607c17 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)