Transaction Details
| TX Hash | edb1a8638a4111a1527068c436452e700d47cdac7e86eddeda2add98b3179cee |
| Block | 116,286 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 22:09:17 GMT (3d ago) |
| Confirmations | 2,502 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 203835f9efd7711adf423a74de466fba7ba47261e76b7b891120a17437214b3e |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 778a015bfe835c0acb54e1e59d32dc119bc41175d6dc6b36bd52aa4eadf61bb5 |
| View Tag | a1 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 0df415b40b576201d89258d3e5b44c2cc36c5c139c645319dc945b78a9c2d0c4 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | f5d1d762e4246abeb9fec2aa88d159be9eb933c6bbe86d5b21be17bc66e85df2 |
| View Tag | 69 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 9c272cccba528a167b4d8ad9a0917e2ec081ef21051f29ae9f3abbbd78de1341 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 06addb3f994be16304a76228a5195ff3e4b822bcda6d5e3f039f372246850649 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 0d03cf9d4b1b182c720cace11fda7965546e0fb995307ea5c345fd09fb5af0a0 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 06d8da28994431c98647f769f991df34d931df86c1a4527b8529b0a4a8278f90 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)