Transaction Details
| TX Hash | dcf0cedf4062fe33a1f673a9094babc2adae0cb9b5760a666a4ed9aabd3141ba |
| Block | 106,863 |
| Timestamp | Thu, 30 Apr 2026 02:38:14 GMT (4d ago) |
| Confirmations | 6,739 |
| Fee | 0.0246826 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 2 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | cf637756328f9d30ada42484aad61e8cc309f3739f48de5a6eb614923ecdb8fc |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 8b8d94b555e64a8d3f0d87502bf54409f599d2e86ca735c021da8ed69218c80f |
| View Tag | e9 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 752a0d0ed6920a558b1f023dff0033a4d80f67ad28c8e129a18d2a6783ca39b3 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | bda00d600f4a3a7c643789dda0499960155063b63cff3dcb4cd6f7577cd61435 |
| View Tag | b9 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 2 |
| Proof Size | 6,080 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 6c58001a57bf852f44569913265715244dd5676111ef1c79bd1c5b060657f1de |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | cbaa5707dd0e29162bb2aa792c751d26789216b68fad496030823720f1f88749 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 2c6365a3e7b28c83cab7348e76ea4cefc68db52a488685f597904c48bd1e5ba5 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | dc7895020a6f8ea73dbf3bff0e9d97d0a0fd05bcf56784eda919bfdf369a9a61 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Input 1 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | a0c2c89286b0406034d97512bb8680608ea6cd61521a48133a45f250abaae7f7 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 723cfa09ac9e17bf0c22091f7624b81f3ca34e2cbb1b714641bdd27bd9f6d195 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 7832585abc77d11745c03515b1578df33b9516403321e7bdf835433f0ec0296f |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)