Transaction Details
| TX Hash | d8f3ed8bb0de4a359f3229fbccf7b23e1679cefdf29a5f97303db4d630a3434c |
| Block | 115,651 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 06:01:01 GMT (2d ago) |
| Confirmations | 2,063 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 444b4c6ad2f0cd22070fa5ef44287881b69c16b898a92def2341bfd9c3ad90f5 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | eaf0368aca147af43b176099646cd70e616f24fca16f26c7f6999b9d87df5bd9 |
| View Tag | 7b |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 7cf74bc37c674a59bcfc262db033f4500da613a295f0f82d1f85e424850ef96c |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 04e9c08ca5458d87ba4a115b8737e3b6d91e897a2ab2c0eb50cdc524cabdfb61 |
| View Tag | ca |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 22b653f979b0547fcc6736d9eaa5d3c763d8ed11e7f5dc9205507b09f1043754 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 7fed1cfa735978bc48df0bdfe4badb34494eb19dd494d38f376087c35d7ebf16 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | a175abce14340203bf92818f284035157850a8e543886c4ea7ef2a88dabbe63e |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 69c364309ddc66de2884a1a43afd0df66da392c9201d0a7f4f95868b68dbfaa8 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)