Transaction Details
| TX Hash | d2af619286c158d40468c47a47b08ff59c7e98cf90152d75b51ec21426666a81 |
| Block | 113,611 |
| Timestamp | Mon, 04 May 2026 19:29:02 GMT (7h ago) |
| Confirmations | 477 |
| Fee | 0.0246826 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 2 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 504392f3bb336c4ed012bdd5faa3626a14a9c209ce02183f73c858b569b4cc9b |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 5cc46d20b0086085b1c8b94f05860e7d7a7fe3b8eb01efd3bdb012ceda092526 |
| View Tag | 85 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 54d0daeea41979c7f2ef766e736c775dedac7c03a64afdaf532aa6731df6651d |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 1d208263473539e24b97ecde60ebd9fc803fe720f843b4d13cb0d59a33d73d28 |
| View Tag | c6 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 2 |
| Proof Size | 6,080 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 6bd7f0ee5d6084921b02ae0f2d757bdbe449b0f759803931a7412b624b704aeb |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | af864950c524ad1a9290bb34887f7bc208d31639b4b8c23ef66014c8ef362e02 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | f1493f8dba7cb0fe99963f9239f4bf31c39efa0c5a7bda9861d6694c8d42dcfc |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 18d81fc94cb550ea50a9e4fb337489e5915ac51a4e12069ff8a6235db49da41d |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Input 1 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 836caf915bfa3d78e71a7406c84adebbc65054b69ad3723d3978d727c8e934f9 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 98a881b291e3c125d24ee39a001156e540acf14ce10456be49c7239b2c9718e5 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | ec7eeb7ea4fe0625dddadd9b181f690b622727ace7cd28c01ca9505b5cc46cee |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)