Transaction Details
| TX Hash | cb09fc6878b87981c17abd797a643e7b497351078910b9c4fd74350ec8eed70f |
| Block | 116,229 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 19:19:39 GMT (3d ago) |
| Confirmations | 2,383 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 1e2dd2d4306cad0e6ee741789d1e7a40a52d6a56775bd2ed37703718061da65d |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 950407c3e067cb8d63cfc4c600eed59add29b4a0c2ea5594d35bb9c52b054bdf |
| View Tag | cb |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 4cd6585ce6aa4348f042878af1b317d36df4145edc72bf5550a6e6aa082be669 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 57a4cf139e330dd9dd0564ace3ae15dda5bd43bfa8d99e2a84d9ad6754c02729 |
| View Tag | b5 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 831acbf6bb0ff36a0bde4497645ccb425be982931921e375d84a89fa84ac5a4a |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | f7ebf10a024cb612004ca6a362cc364772a92ade3c5ad2fa91bd1188562b0439 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 6af91c4e088475e4ccdd6a9b9a57ab832491ac3502b8dc2e70c732cd211a41f1 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 838510c1c420b5b8fafbb5b14325b1e93f2ac03b0ff0b440fcfe4f5553f4f0fe |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)