Transaction Details
| TX Hash | c89ba62eacdd661227c0baa3d8984be7b4a47e32b9135b90d896ef8b677f6c45 |
| Block | 113,931 |
| Timestamp | Tue, 05 May 2026 01:11:29 GMT (6h ago) |
| Confirmations | 389 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 7f7a0067d9f0672bdb7075cf38b7ae666330739beeefd0f27bd6f01430a8de7e |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 2ab7d4b7eddf95621372f838d9ca84daa86f821784799ab4c0519a0047f0d987 |
| View Tag | 6f |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 8402658be8f59cf85577310f6000ac3caa58f6405c126ead6d02602a22df663b |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 2d5d575e2a4477faf9b5f20a84dcd3eeca82761693cfa64cfbae32a1e34a66a2 |
| View Tag | 59 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | cfea796a73ca932f8a4c8627ee3b4771a0b3a29ac51ac62e0037a1cf5675a67b |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | b88a11652d71ba8a11bfc83073d1f8ed394a0e2488bc27e3f7ad9aa2ade96e26 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 7dcdb932339afc4e0cb92b66ee120449677553db742dbf798658e1a458b7889f |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 443e3cc7acf1df3fac3e0ee34f7ea7ef821219cbd51b55ea8d5b442142140cba |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)