Transaction Details
| TX Hash | c8388125bb588e883661f81f3de04f971327e280563c32bd6fe6d1ef0357f7d8 |
| Block | 116,289 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 22:15:31 GMT (3d ago) |
| Confirmations | 2,506 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 463ae461be13075dafeb366455c3c0db8f9d75927f771f65e515b1f00457e702 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | bb30bfdc27c4930c131b0b51a07f7ce3e22f7c3f828bba1a6292635a90001074 |
| View Tag | 09 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 91d4e1e44604ac7717faf501150dcb0a6335730d35108690386a6d078cd6c2d0 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | b1267b1d2c69a570c4bf2b041cfbaaed2cbfc33213a3e121ca26a4f0e172c155 |
| View Tag | 3d |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 0318c48205a604094ddc2fcaa734a196ed459c4d7151863b176c3f900854b48f |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 27652369c6e2af7fcfeb373c2fbc7f5e59038250f9c94c94c8c6d4281d22d5b9 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 459da4ab5e724353ad0501aca742a3a183ee653e7271e3681088b9b859ae9b49 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | cb12bf5b1d1575649abaa1f15d2058fbba507ff4411884d50faec33e1f7f04c8 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)