Transaction Details
| TX Hash | c638be4c0f980d25fc46fd5b2bd36ba00f3bdaeef97b249f44ea2caec1dfce8f |
| Block | 116,274 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 21:36:09 GMT (3d ago) |
| Confirmations | 2,463 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | a54f7170c703aa7a44d22f077b781da3a7df0bd9692c4fe8c85c5a58b9f05dd2 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 511ebe6f4be5f81fb21a693ba3b0116aea806e01ec21b8de81d2e36db42f8080 |
| View Tag | 5a |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 8950cda33c97d14c9d059a3aa711227a8af886c799ca2d6862fb8513e0e8bc08 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 840e8efd175aa1aed0dabb4b01dda57d4cfa0668f35ca71929f6d08a40ba7296 |
| View Tag | 91 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | b280cdc66402b7f13b67c4fcb7c4909daa83cd0cb0530aed5fbe8d304855d6df |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | c592b87b31f09824afc50f2be5c610a122c08db1957ca0a274ef285772bd32f2 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | ef2765e650a18da5cd2c9a4951c494f6beafc7a9be0fc83eb1f6785c61be5b0a |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 30fe7ff8a101d59beef433af77486e251991aaa55513497bdf7d73544f44c0a3 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)