Transaction Details
| TX Hash | c5fe71502e95bfc13e1fd30a58ed2007e444633d88e242500defe32ddf6053c4 |
| Block | 116,291 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 22:28:34 GMT (3d ago) |
| Confirmations | 2,501 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | d393b729282fc67f36519061d865b5b054dcdc4e9640e47e7e2b22966aa06ad1 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | acb1e9ca63149da6464120d5072ab8a0a348e862f73ad7ead911f904ad861fc1 |
| View Tag | f6 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 3b64840750f02631a361b6a9c29eb05f437c217639a7f097c3a9271c002ff2b0 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | c5f80abb707767aa66c8ab16fb7b14324ad4998e0c58fd7c1158cd3bd8a0eba4 |
| View Tag | de |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | b881eceb7bea788c3a46d77554ac3b57bc8786bca40a4cc9f7b79dd7c809e300 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 353babf556967c0db04d6c216cae776805c01d943a7f22bbd2d14269a8d2bf5e |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | eb9f63f9052ccf0e7c17e83d862b5aeca2eed90067cf248750346a241890cd17 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 412ac243550d99ab62b56ea43b74a6f330aca1d2bdccdafc40d88c8efc15124c |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)