Transaction Details
| TX Hash | b52c647e249411ddcea333ae6c3885b4551600e8ad4825381494ad50fee31d95 |
| Block | 115,650 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 06:00:05 GMT (2d ago) |
| Confirmations | 2,097 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | e2914bb6f11da1160e8e59dbc2cb219b3f57e21813b6a1cdb79c54e4d35aa615 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 8c79b3760818ce9d2745eb03d085d4aaeab2ced88f4d66ea22a4992c35fea866 |
| View Tag | f8 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 2493b78523a59cab3c7450543c8baab2ff99d00a786a3efc94df9d98922c8984 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 9f346083db8e92ef1479aa176d2d0d5ae75d8d099cba6cad489139166dea6142 |
| View Tag | 9c |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 15cb0c39ef62c19ddaf538cfc96d77a329f621e6a70d11346e27243461fb188d |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 89cdbfc26d56e344c51fc1f6ff332555e89c09159191c5e5fab4866fed8029de |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 138ff73b71e46cf762b68024d0736f3b26a0b496bc82fea63b3f9d2dc04a24fd |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 324a808f3a285a0ee861e8950b85d8286a81a345b2b579abc42f00e3167a401d |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)