Transaction Details
| TX Hash | a22b57340fb7f305d853a789c78ee666f3bba2e5209343d590d30b3ace763f1c |
| Block | 116,229 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 19:19:39 GMT (3d ago) |
| Confirmations | 2,381 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 053631eb05bc9881b0c41ad72c72a7abefc7f25ad42fc5b53a5aebf7c9d91f04 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 5823933ad567c55d09e488fd93d077740ab5458b9aef129ae0541167df9e37ef |
| View Tag | 9e |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | c742adce801b9b4ce0e7560e9992ed2c78aec75fdb883e5cf145a0b3901651ec |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 115278d462ccf6bb9d5f51c2c7bacc76525f0afdf4290d4f7ce76cbb348a4791 |
| View Tag | 48 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 1193e9ab6f66369395243b560ab5cff89bd0280bdf4fec21ff1c9c41994953ff |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 539996bd72c42a0818b3bd472217426f758eb610e66c0a8eabe6ea4954dacb0d |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | ad9e7cbe25d841ec34bcc64c1573633eb9189dc1ad18e6eafc3ba5769e3d117d |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 2a1bbedbba0dccf91dc1ef738718d1d9f26834c678c2c706164b0ef65d0b9e38 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)