Transaction Details
| TX Hash | 9f2022ad5caa9d6e437caafbc0d6ecb5fcc4638de5d5f3ba579aee8ee4d9b9cd |
| Block | 115,633 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 05:28:18 GMT (2d ago) |
| Confirmations | 1,856 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 96bc1bc17f1dc9f5882c0745e8741b1473e05c9d1b9ae1c25036302dc373f4d1 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 3ff11a0cdae50b7561bfbefbe5b4548e0e2fbf221ac19e05b0065a699543729f |
| View Tag | ea |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 418fea28c8082460601149453525e036713c605ccbee723029511431df6bd34e |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 748735ad3459aede91d56931a850237b4699a3a7f35d7c3a01e15144e582df07 |
| View Tag | 09 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 00230295a03534e8e697c0d8c453663f74c6e46ae60d2f3fc57776c1095f39a3 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 2015d9816397ed2fbfa85271c1858dff23905ddcdc421aadd8251536253464b2 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 3dbcc7910c4e8c9ba7d851dc461b518e83eee7c602575741e5a57c653edb9b93 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | ef933baa028128d32956ac3c309d827773f59786052f1a163dd1c4882bcb209f |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)