Transaction Details
| TX Hash | 7d15c0de92cd4827ad4967c8c70fb700161c8ced6f498ed6ba0c57bd8e9f7c0a |
| Block | 116,322 |
| Timestamp | Thu, 07 May 2026 00:05:34 GMT (3d ago) |
| Confirmations | 2,525 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 83ecd06d5541c58f3029ea41861a74d3b8f7f57892bbbaff9e030ef2e6f00f32 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 29880cf0fa6535f56a2b16301b1c44c9ceabf26a158396dc98f5c0b191f68ddf |
| View Tag | 41 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | bcb8c6de8471ab1bd35a68976abff41218130a121a63e9c1892b65dca46b30e2 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | b13141fece730a615dd52139588a5811874697ee884b3f6f3eede91b1cd034eb |
| View Tag | 12 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 406a5507ae7115b95468d1dc546df5739981b0bcf9c7e0353105904abd5836fa |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 33e265eb5d2afd081e446e4dfe991f8e71043c573145d9cb866d4cab87ed17fa |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | afa8defefe5f5e0b47ce4367e4dad3130fa3597baa5c7dba436c91796207df4e |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | e1d72fd6e01a03665362f04a4c7f3798b0d25e256bdd6259cca054901ef4c2ff |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)