Transaction Details
| TX Hash | 77ec43aae26bf5accfd170741cfdc7935b43495619356dd41c09d3c117e3bb6e |
| Block | 115,276 |
| Timestamp | Tue, 05 May 2026 23:13:50 GMT (1d ago) |
| Confirmations | 1,396 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 7410811af8aeafea76bfdc8ca0ab7a58a4b0bda66f98736e8314b713fdf8decc |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 2fd44ab2fb57a1335476a41a3db06932ff92364b22eaecebdcd82aeb2c5e8dda |
| View Tag | ad |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 4028b823461fe1692d12a9344ac3af4170ef94a3c19370742fd715233e5b53f8 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | aae1afece009a39a85dbdfc92a2d261022d7ceabaf6d5e1b65f0fb2b5950ab26 |
| View Tag | 77 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 346c6bfb545f4690f4e10377247fb0512ee3afc0ebcd26c38649c603fe5e2c60 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | f731de6100b0d5e2e2a0fe8fe0d8bf2ec19d58fe8c94586b9bad5088a2f7a194 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 801b1359c0329cb49ee5a3157f9b234c2a64c78118ac0979ba7abb6add6667be |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | da5594a15bcf4be4dbf7dc1cd77c9bb5b08ea42f3e9b75d9c13e4711a74a70a7 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)