Transaction Details
| TX Hash | 688a453ee40f6ca0766bee6980328606c2f57a097f2166aaed5fb8f47c62aab7 |
| Block | 116,292 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 22:30:37 GMT (3d ago) |
| Confirmations | 2,507 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 77a4adf6b8902672eeb1e7f73bf9a584acd24767ed4fd2192d14538ca85dba40 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | ab40878e5ced706771089e3fcd9dd6100d86159ca66ef15200c035f527d06a19 |
| View Tag | bd |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | fa9136fee9854020d86558df6343f3418aeca79eb2cbd6e8de23a8ff83f95d69 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 109f56a34eb2170b497b5fee19dc43076eae92fe082a39d163bdb5427e9cc95e |
| View Tag | 87 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 23b5d634211b07cdba7dc8ecdd7898973108f4f904ea8672f25a7a3d424817e1 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | a19d7698921f73ffcbc12db5c5e612260ed73890c415b1e6df982769baf75408 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 4bddb353a2bf68e87e9fbf09c4ab8627d9c19126010d940cf0317c4a04d5e238 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | f1f46fb298b61c912d9f5f8b206bfd3e46b119b2a637efb140c62da0c758a91f |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)