Transaction Details
| TX Hash | 54a764b137a3fc1c7af4bc596f6ec3224b4cf49ff8fc1185bdedaf219f98060e |
| Block | 116,205 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 18:20:08 GMT (3d ago) |
| Confirmations | 2,766 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 0b98f23e799120540b42b64bcd282b2d318215cef04326704d4cfaa19919ec38 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | ab19e1e1fe8aac99c273f1bf4fd01837a7707acbafb360a63009bbad34251dc7 |
| View Tag | 39 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 14a314664e5713ceaaa56d93a7c5d2f429b02a9caadf6ff5df45047df813b932 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | c0ca753a94e71e323ce85aa2d103b9205c26295cec3c9f5c7cc78fac92748261 |
| View Tag | 25 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | b3803b552cad81888adccdf7d548d5cd727993e609742db2365c0b1e3f2e23f7 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | ce893f9a9d82155d94517d301ab40816fb2d05ebd14aef40d84f576bc66c92c3 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 6976a1f5e13bb82355254fbfddad7258d0dc7e780da7791befe1fd2c7afaa9e5 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 791e9384429361e36ada8df9ec46f104c2e1913746f030da0c1bfa84511ccd64 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)