Transaction Details
| TX Hash | 4ba3005f7ffcfe61bfd8f7b26c66e40c2fb29d1acecbb54a8b0ca7ec656f37ad |
| Block | 115,655 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 06:05:26 GMT (2d ago) |
| Confirmations | 1,881 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 192c98a736730b56db62560fc32d57eeeeca1cb0d358faedfd4400ffb9287000 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 7e00474e4ca8fbc173c2d3680453ae357aadf289607ca8de0d2658bad6facf4f |
| View Tag | de |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 98640bf987ff52b9654670348ff08b4c2f27e43de69975fac9c1e81634bb6c52 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 1d8f7847651bfdd016ae6dfea7581e63ac3055cef2e348f0f905b1239003c3f5 |
| View Tag | 2c |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | a87b0d55ffb3337896f50c8831a8b123993af25a88d8976302cf367524956c26 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 26d284d08e418d2c850f74d77802f3ff61a124ca7e91e5744dfaa86f9c7cb7a2 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 07bcf789e75f3d09d68f86ec7d7067c840e01c5f0676c3cf5182d8f84b995839 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 0bda9d762c40d6fb2935d26b2bca6ac398d6d4a3bfadbc54d42f23d14dd8c59d |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)