Transaction Details
| TX Hash | 47bc548fb9220a3f7ae1d0e857976b90afa0d133bf80463b677f3ec31e75ac8c |
| Block | 116,309 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 23:28:58 GMT (3d ago) |
| Confirmations | 2,944 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 6054a13bb1516d9b38966e7b4da16bc331c5aa6702867dd818243b51eb7d9d52 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | e085f493f46be689fa7e5fecddb00de1755cf05bfc7d603c834cb14d631c00db |
| View Tag | 2b |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 2cebf8613e1abc3d6a756f669c37bc128b431e009b0386d7f953c98f34476281 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | c60871fac6168b7433e45d81d2a3b776198aa19b435e98e6543f0c2a7ca14b46 |
| View Tag | 29 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | b019755208350dc401cb3212708921cbf072f25d90b1ad56b4fa3c9975f778b6 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | ac6067c96d28ac7459a726f9866d19ee8ea1096e41e3f5e5a2b25f439b063010 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 67331cd9456f8d2fb289b3d693f2c0b459e2aaf8286db0ccc910e7382cac4edf |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | ab7b94a67ff34418c4398a19aeb8c9bf39193281f58fe09c0af4c6cde18c5730 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)