Transaction Details
| TX Hash | 439e766cf2cf21412231bc93a217888e17971d7713a0574ee25cd9c33b2b78e7 |
| Block | 116,275 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 21:36:41 GMT (3d ago) |
| Confirmations | 2,464 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 6c415cb8523835bb75cc1d570737638114ab05b7eb599d2528b2475932514531 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 11c792695f82f9ed8ca3e448a6030e45a7945e60298b9c066c12f56c8a9c14e9 |
| View Tag | 61 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | a577100842706d513310ffebb8ffd28d3d7eb36e3dfcbc19ec155510712266eb |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 15556fc1d965a121ff6216a5a7a94c517415bc46c62a81d918713b7d4e5351fd |
| View Tag | d3 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 1488a8d585fdb7b2ff1bc08fcb4350617b6ceb37870fc90fcb356d673cd9eac7 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 2d42c0e94384b2d9277553a47e6b7143cb1a3efd3c9ad3375d821674ecc68037 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 13c8dbe68242f9b3306dfe003523ad71255954de81c22f86af877b98115221c6 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | d5613e3935ba93c54b755a99ba8e62b6008334f41454714f3ef4326016083b39 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)