Transaction Details
| TX Hash | 2fb8e9e8248c66cb0ec7ea87cdd7e3ad9f165e490b2e2eed6066bd6fc3b0959f |
| Block | 115,629 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 05:20:23 GMT (2d ago) |
| Confirmations | 1,860 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | d46411139449e977d6a36df6aaef3cd622b84e5de0b7b5375517008900de9ae7 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | beda631ffd7c38c8223e9427387c8164a650e0aa4435cff320f46af58aada201 |
| View Tag | 7f |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | dccc0d95ace371a3e9140ca1504b4eade45b10ec8f194b6a6063dca547f1e841 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | d78eeff00654897dd3893e63f4dc810f8e3f49326cb7b6e07ecc12b626b85449 |
| View Tag | 9e |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | 1b4586957c488f8a2f6911ff295deab7f84360cac6cd0e9fd00a7350c08a29f1 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 3973b4161d1cc8ab433e37daa0735409214656cbdda384880408095848dff22d |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 4c2241f612f24b71ca33969c6ff60dfc9584ad94ab6bb1ee738352716562dbd0 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | c0611a8bcbf28a21e556e4465e218fd86f902f02ed63857f2916ef7bc1b30882 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)