Transaction Details
| TX Hash | 2e76adba896a137474e50c148bedf98a96af3880c67aba6e3abef4dcc31bdd0b |
| Block | 113,670 |
| Timestamp | Mon, 04 May 2026 20:32:57 GMT (4h ago) |
| Confirmations | 238 |
| Fee | 0.0246826 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | Bridge Unwrap |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 2 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 0681e162dd51ad7927c02f16a0ee92e8538b29a05697af33d089b7ead39be588 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 301e7d7816d2b1f6b3d1aad5ffec854dfb5ad840d142aa8e5bca9700859ef840 |
| View Tag | c0 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 123826c8c96576c7faca546bce4acc797e7e7a82bae0370ddc1c87b41a052ec3 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 795766276cf9ea78b74d307270673447091c0dd0429d9d72f8f3db27efe0aac3 |
| View Tag | d3 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 2 |
| Proof Size | 6,080 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | deaa5ecea78eb929b96b5439529fb0a57347bc749e01af03e5cf83fce5ea9773 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | b4183d751bee9764f979e2609200371211e02604fb39cd05549108f0ed922761 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | ce0080a2d72911d02d3ef5901a4b722430de4fa15cbe22e1b2402ed831a9b27f |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 6843d0218e9e54c8967ccb292c768b08751b10e791f98245578a401e27b09b40 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Input 1 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 794afd255608986c60cbfdf6bb28a821d9198b9739997e1a02543f710bc17fce |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 9bf2d84ebbb1b2bcebf671cfcbcdbfb38e5e24e62d35cf736b7aff2fe47a3e59 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 56b5fb4198ab6d3f55be737bd9b6eadf9cb305c214757353eba5656a8c515ba6 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)