Transaction Details
| TX Hash | 2a3f9b3860f0768fe1b25af74d144c47aa2f748c167a15d3d7db0b3ddb2d3489 |
| Block | 116,296 |
| Timestamp | Wed, 06 May 2026 22:35:14 GMT (3d ago) |
| Confirmations | 2,542 |
| Fee | 0.01908476 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 1 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 0de51cf1018893f0127df23f9aec7e250479b37feed209f95a1d1b33903853fd |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 89c7a6b9f72ded035c2e425d0e15fd7672a58e4f9ef8aa1a9d8f67efada1752f |
| View Tag | bf |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 2ecbad9d7786cb9fd274b29205f3da6139cff77552f15e7112a22a6f66f32d1f |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | e4837df93f52d1c02057fbef28fefad790fb8a537d616194b7ef63584d42e0af |
| View Tag | 8b |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 1 |
| Proof Size | 4,544 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | b5bf227a8b3791c1af1d8e460953c260ab4edfda9990542e38d19023e267f23d |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 2941590daa79f843e02e1ea27a22a9391fb1f6026cf7a317da13abd93129ec77 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 5cf0a166f07f60868dc30ca882fb908f14981e1b40248dce5bded0734f4445c7 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | d4a3b948632e0123a1f8b9b448889fa34a1fdcd59682be1712fa1bf9cfdfcf56 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)