Transaction Details
| TX Hash | 08a5d9816575ed44d9621aef1747d422db4cc9101334e01ab550e4b4b9970afd |
| Block | 113,616 |
| Timestamp | Mon, 04 May 2026 19:33:38 GMT (5h ago) |
| Confirmations | 295 |
| Fee | 0.0246826 USDm |
| Size | N/A |
| Weight | N/A |
| Version | 9 |
Transaction Type
| Type | TRANSFER |
Inputs & Outputs
| Inputs | 2 |
| Outputs | 2 |
| Privacy Proof | FCMP++ (type 11 — Full-Chain Membership Proof over entire UTXO set; decoy rings are not used) |
Outputs
| Output #0 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 9d9a1047607efe2d01d4582d9c64ec0354625214ad382229c52e7d6448a66750 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | ec6c8e4321c0ac9d305b7132529a71faa91d39159adf9fddcb355dcce877a49a |
| View Tag | a7 |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
| Output #1 | |
| One-Time Key (O) | 7254201ced810cefe027fc31a67ce8bca4ee485a16f8715c050a91f3eb5a0604 |
| Pedersen Commitment (C) | 2908b6402f0b81a55810fb7c20ae4ff63c219be030adc8dd1042bde4679ebd20 |
| View Tag | 5f |
| Asset | ✓ USDm |
| Amount | Encrypted (Pedersen + Bulletproofs+) |
Note: Actual amounts and sender/recipient addresses are private (FCMP++). Only the transaction structure is visible on-chain.
FCMP++ Proof Transcript
| Proof Type | FCMP++ Full-Chain Membership Proof |
| Anonymity Set | Entire Chain (all outputs ever created) |
| Inputs | 2 |
| Proof Size | 6,080 bytes |
| Curve Tree | Helios (C2) dual-curve architecture |
| Tree Layers | 4 |
| Tree Root | a25665a20b4753baf558b8f6c6c1e87535d8411d759c9fc8354804e7a3a87158 |
Curve Tree Structure
Layer 0 (Leaves) : Ed25519 output tuples (O, I, C) → Selene (C1) hashes Layer 1 (Interior) : Selene (C1) → Helios (C2) commitments Layer 2 (Interior) : Helios (C2) → Selene (C1) commitments Layer 4 (Root) : Helios (C2) tree root
The full output set is committed into a Helios/Selene curve tree. Each leaf encodes an output tuple (O, I, C) as Selene curve points. Interior nodes alternate between Helios and Selene curves, enabling efficient recursive proof composition.
Input 0 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 4ba5faf54cb57d3bdfd36482e752bf00cee958a66ca41b057b0a0fd83bff23e8 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 2ff7b23f2a01e3b5ad7721622656931cb5e5580ee8fe07ae6d5a57e4e95175c7 |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | c5ee76d473050c084279a186cc8c76e77092d1c59794fc095861060fe2b58e74 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Input 1 — Membership Proof
| Key Image (Nullifier) | 3747313bfbd79da309f6d6c408ed96510442954948dd46412f19714bd9b369e9 |
| C̃ (Pseudo-output) | 5f875015d6246aef7b37a3cd2ea8f28f9735c2512a153972fdc0eea597a46caa |
| Pseudo-out (Balance) | 5c2c5150cd1882147be3d140b6f84890ad4d3b3f5e7e26b34aa2c897574c0836 |
Nullifier: The key image
KI = x · Hp(O) is a deterministic, unlinkable nullifier. It prevents double-spending without revealing which output is being spent.
Spend-Auth & Linkability (SAL) Proof
ÕRerandomized one-time key
ĨRerandomized linking tag
RRerandomization scalar
C̃Rerandomized Pedersen commitment
The SAL proof demonstrates knowledge of the secret spend key, correct key image formation, and that the balance equation holds: Σ pseudo-outs = Σ output commitments + fee.
Verification Pipeline
1Deserialize FCMP++ proof from transaction
2Extract tree root (Helios (C2)), layers, key images
3Reconstruct signable hash from tx prefix
4Verify Generalized Bulletproofs+ arithmetic circuit
5Verify Helios/Selene curve tree membership (per input)
6Verify SAL proof (spend authorization + linkability)
7Check key image uniqueness (double-spend prevention)
✓Consensus acceptance
Privacy Guarantees
Anonymity SetEntire chain
Sender PrivacyHidden among all outputs
Amount PrivacyPedersen + Bulletproofs+
Receiver PrivacyStealth addresses
Double-SpendDeterministic nullifiers
Curve CycleHelios (C2) ↔ Selene (C1)